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Quarterly inflation in Iran's mining sector rose from 18.2% in spring to 25.4% in summer. Metal ores recorded the largest quarterly increase, at 26.9%, while coal had the smallest rise, at 11.1%.
Annual mining inflation reached 77.4%, including 82.1% for metal ores. The report links rising costs to both domestic pressures and international disruptions affecting mineral supply and demand.
A roughly 30% increase in the free-market dollar rate during summer raised the cost of imported machinery and parts. Power, gas and diesel restrictions, difficulty obtaining explosives, higher energy costs and transport and insurance pressures also contributed to higher production costs.